What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
IBS is a common disorder of the large intestine that affects both genders, though it is more prevalent in women. It often appears in individuals from late adolescence to the early forties.
Is there really such a thing as a “nervous stomach”?
The term “nervous stomach” is often used as another name for IBS. Others may refer to it as “irritable bowel,” “irritable colon,” or “spastic colon.” IBS gets the name “nervous stomach” because symptoms can arise during times of emotional stress, tension, and anxiety.
What causes Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
The exact cause of IBS is not well understood. Possible causes include altered motility of the large intestine, mild inflammation, changes in gut microbiota, as well as genetic and environmental factors.
What are the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Symptoms of IBS include recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with changes in bowel habits for at least three months. Changes in bowel habits may include diarrhea alternating with constipation, or predominance of either diarrhea or constipation. Other symptoms can include abdominal cramps and bloating.
Risk Factors for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Risk factors for IBS include:
- Family history of IBS
- Emotional stress, tension, anxiety
- Dietary intolerance
- History of physical or sexual abuse
How is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Treated?
Nearly everyone with IBS can find relief, but treatment should be tailored to the individual, as there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Typically, with some basic dietary and lifestyle changes, IBS can improve over time. Here are steps you can take to reduce IBS symptoms:
- Increase fiber intake (found in fruits, vegetables, seeds, and nuts).
- Add supplemental fiber to your diet.
- Drink eight glasses of water daily.
- Exercise regularly.
- Avoid smoking.
- Limit caffeine (found in coffee, chocolate, teas, and sodas).
- Learn relaxation techniques to reduce stress.
- Consider limiting dairy products, as lactose intolerance can be more common in IBS patients. Eating smaller, more frequent meals may help, but if you’re concerned about calcium intake, try alternative sources like broccoli, spinach, yogurt, sardines, salmon, calcium-fortified milk, and bread, as well as some antacids.
- Keep a food diary to identify triggers. Common triggers include red peppers, green onions, red wine, wheat, and cow’s milk.
- Antidepressant medications may be an option if you experience significant abdominal pain or psychological distress such as depression or anxiety.
- Consult your doctor if symptoms persist. They may conduct clinical evaluations and recommend tests to rule out other causes.
Do I have a chance of developing serious gastrointestinal problems later in life with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
While IBS can be uncomfortable, it is not life-threatening. IBS does not increase the likelihood of developing other bowel conditions, such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or colorectal cancer.
