What is already known about this topic? Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates in young adults (under 50 years old) are increasing in many countries, despite decreasing rates in older adults. The extent to which this pattern occurs on a global scale remains unknown. What are the new findings? Colorectal cancer incidence rates are uniquely…
Pancreatic cancer begins in the tissues of the pancreas, an organ located horizontally in the abdomen behind the lower part of the stomach. The pancreas releases enzymes that aid digestion and hormones that help regulate blood sugar. Pancreatic cancer typically spreads rapidly to nearby organs and is rarely detected in its early stages. However, for…
Just inside the anus, there are a number of small glands. If one of these glands becomes blocked, an abscess (an infected cavity) can form. About 50% of these abscesses develop into a fistula. A fistula is a small tunnel that connects the infected gland inside the anus to an opening in the skin around…
Any type of abnormal cellular changes is called dysplasia. Anal dysplasia is a term used to describe conditions that precede anal squamous cell carcinoma. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with these changes. What is anal dysplasia? Dysplasia refers to any kind of abnormal changes in body cells. Anal dysplasia, anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN),…
What is anal pain? Anal pain refers to discomfort that occurs within or around the anus and rectum (the last part of the large intestine ending at the anus). This pain is often accompanied by rectal bleeding. Many individuals may feel embarrassed to discuss anal pain with their doctor, but it is a common symptom…
What is Autoimmune Hepatitis? Autoimmune hepatitis is a rare but serious liver disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy liver cells, mistaking them for infected cells. This leads to inflammation in the liver, which, if left untreated, can progress to cirrhosis (scarring) and eventually liver failure. Severe liver damage may…
For individuals without gastrointestinal disorders, gut health is rarely a priority. In fact, many overlook the health of their gastrointestinal system, especially when overshadowed by more pressing health issues concerning the brain, heart, liver, and kidneys. However, the importance of gut health cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the health of all other systems…
Recent studies may bring hope for individuals suffering from Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). IBS is a common, non-life-threatening intestinal issue that affects over 30 million Americans. Symptoms can include cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits. While IBS is a chronic condition, many people can manage their symptoms through diet, lifestyle adjustments,…
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic inflammatory condition believed to be caused by the immune system attacking the pancreas. It responds well to steroid treatment. Two subtypes of AIP are recognized: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 AIP, also known as IgG4-related pancreatitis, is part of a broader condition called IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), which…
What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)? IBS is a common disorder of the large intestine that affects both genders, though it is more prevalent in women. It often appears in individuals from late adolescence to the early forties. Is there really such a thing as a “nervous stomach”? The term “nervous stomach”…